• Colour scheme, bitmap, grid, vector, image resolution, raw format, final format, bleed, overlap, ICC profile, arrangement, surface varnish, partial varnish, blind embossing, blind finishing, hot embossing, embossing through foil, die, die cutting tool, typesetting

Colour Scheme

Definition of the number of print colours during printing. As a standard, offset print is based on the simultaneous application of 4 colours – CMYK. The number of colours on the sheet front side is before the slash, and the number of colours on the rear side is specified after the slash.

Examples:
4/4 – Full-colour print on both sides
4/0 – Full-colour print on one side, the other side remains blank
1/1 – Monochrome print on both sides
5/4 – First side full-colour print with one added direct colour, other side full colour print

Bitmap, Grid

It is also called a bitmap image. Most often, it is a photograph. This is an image composed of the individual colour points (pixels). The size depends on the number of image points; therefore, it cannot be magnified significantly without loss of quality.
File formats: TIFF, PSD, JPEG, PNG

Vector

This is also called vector graphics. This type of graphic includes lines, curves, and filled areas. It is used for logos, illustrations, diagrams, etc. It may be expanded as needed without reduction of quality.
File formats: EPS, AI, CDR

Image Resolution

This determines the image quality. The resolution value for the print is specified as DPI (dots per inch), which determines the number of image points per inch (2.54 mm). The acronym PPI (pixels per inch) is used for monitor displays. Offset print usually requires an image quality of 300 DPI. Digital print usually features 150 DPI, which is sufficient. The preview data usually contain images with 72 DPI resolution, which is more than sufficient for monitor display. If you zoom an image in or out during your document typesetting, the DPI value changes as well; therefore, the resulting value must be checked.

Raw Format

Paper sheet dimensions prior to the polygraphic processing and trimming to the final format. 

Final Format

This is the resulting printed document format after trimming. The most important value defining the page dimensions for typesetting, print, sheet assembly, and bookbinding.

Bleed, Overlap

Graphics overlap over the document edge that will be trimmed during bookbinding. 
This is the area located beyond the trim marks. During bookbinding,
it will be cut off. Bleed is used to eliminate inaccuracies during
bookbinding. The most frequent bleed size is 3 to 5 mm.
 

ICC Profile

The acronym ICC (International Color Consortium) means the colour profile. It describes the range of colours and properties of the reproduction equipment or medium. During print preparation, it is used mainly for the conversion from RGB to CMYK and securing colour consistency during print, proofing, etc.
ICC profiles are also used for monitor calibration, proofing printers, scanner, press machine, and definitions of proofing paper properties.

Arrangement

Arrangement of print sheet pages for subsequent printed material processing.

Surface Varnish

Varnish application to the whole print sheet area.

Partial Varnish

Varnish is only applied at specific locations, not to the whole print sheet area.

Blind Embossing, Blind Finishing

The required motif is printed on paper through a printing block – the result is either an embossed or a recessed motif without any ink or colour foil used.

Hot Embossing, Embossing through Foil

The required motif is stamped on paper through a printing block and colour or metallic foil – the result is either an embossed or recessed coloured motif impression.

Die, Die Cutting Tool

This tool is used for semi-product (sheet of paper, carton, cardboard) die cutting to reach its required shape. The die cutting tool is usually a wooden board with an integrated shaped metal knife and bending component plates. A complete die proceeds into the die cutting machine, which die cuts the final products from the sheets.

Typesetting

Text processing in typography software, following the given language typographic rules and creative artwork.

​